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Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country located on the Iberian Peninsula, in southwestern Europe. Its territory comprises mainland Portugal and two autonomous regions: the archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira, located in the Atlantic Ocean.
With a total area of approximately 92,212 square kilometers (35,603 sq mi), it is the westernmost country of mainland Europe. Portugal shares land borders to the north and east exclusively with Spain, and is bordered to the south and west by an extensive coastline of over 800 kilometers along the Atlantic Ocean.
With a population of around 10.4 million people, it is a nation recognized for its centuries-old historical heritage, possessing the oldest borders in Europe. The national capital and most populous city is Lisbon, which also serves as its main financial and political center, followed by Porto, the second-largest city and one of the most important economic and cultural hubs in the north. From the vast Alentejo plains to the granite mountains of the north, and from the Mediterranean climate of the mainland to the volcanic landscapes of the islands, the country offers enormous geographical diversity within a compact territory, making it ideal to explore.
